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知识的古希腊定义
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The ancient Greeks differentiated between four kinds of knowledge:
Episteme 知识
-abstract generalizations, basis and essence of sciences; scientific laws and principles
Techne 技能
-technical know-how, being able to get things done, manuals, communities of practice
Phronesis 经验
-practical wisdom, drawn from social practice
Metis 智慧
-”It is what the flair, the knack and the bent of the successful politician is made of: a form of
knowledge which is at the opposite end of metaphysics, with no quest of ideal, but a search for a
practical end; an embodied, incarnate, substantial form of knowledge.”
05-08-19 05:54
